复合型散煤抑尘剂的合成及性能研究

Study on Synthesis and Performance of Compound Powder Coal Dust Suppressant

以羧甲基淀粉钠为主料,复配膨润土、硅藻土及十二烷基硫酸钠的基础上合成了4种复合型散煤抑尘剂,研究了微波辐射以及无机矿物质条件的改变对抑尘剂的吸湿保湿性、黏结凝并性、抗风蚀性、热稳定性等性能的影响。结果表明:同等条件下,膨润土对煤尘的保湿效果、黏结凝并效果优于硅藻土,但二者对吸湿能力的影响并不显著,4组抑尘剂的最佳抑尘时间均可达2 d,且5 d之内仍有一定的保水能力。微波辐射明显提高了抑尘剂的吸湿保湿性、黏结凝并性、抗风蚀性和热稳定性,其中,黏度最高为22 m Pa·s,吸湿率在第4 d时仍高达4.6%,风蚀率最低仅为2.06×10^(-6),氧化分解温度最高可达180℃。

Take sodium carboxymethyl starch as main ingredient, four kinds of compound powder coal dust suppressant are synthesized on the basis of compound with bentonite, diatomite and sodium dodecyl sulfate, we research the influence of the condition change of the microwave radiation and inorganic minerals on hygroscopic and moisture resistance, cohere coagulation performance, wind resistance, thermal stability and other performance. The results show that moisturizing and bond coagulation effect of bentonite is better than that of diatomite for coal dust under same conditions, whereas, there is no significant effect on the ability of moisture absorption for both them, the best dust suppression time of four groups of dust suppressant can be up to 2 d, and there are still some water retention ability within 5 d. Microwave radiation could significantly improve the hygroscopic and moisture resistance, cohere coagulation performance, wind resistance and thermal stability of dust suppressant, besides, the highest viscosity is 22 mPa* s, moisture absorption rate is as high as 4.6% while in the 4th day, the lowest wind erosion rate is 2.06×10^-6 the oxidation decomposition temperature could up to 180℃.