肌尾噬菌体科T4类噬菌体的研究进展

Advances in the study of T4-like bacteriophage in the Myoviridae family

噬菌体是一种能够裂解并杀死细菌的病毒,目前其作为鉴定细菌工具、应用于细菌分型及研发新型抗菌生物制剂等已成为研究热点。在肌尾噬菌体科中的T4类噬菌体属是现代遗传学和分子生物学的主要模型系统,对T4类噬菌体进行深入研究更具重要意义。本文从T4类噬菌体的分类,形态特征,与宿主的作用模式,以及从其应用及生物学意义方面进行综述,以期对T4类噬菌体有更深入了解。

Bacteriophage,defined as a virus that can disrupt and kill bacteria,has become a research hotpot currently by applying into bacteria identification techniques,bacterial typing and also the research of the new type of antimicrobial-biological preparations.New phages are usually found in the special places full of bacterial communities,such as soil,aquatic habitats,animal intestines,etc.A specific bacteriophage family that recognized as Myoviridae has been studied thoroughly by many researchers.T4-like phage,usually characterized as long polyhedral head and retractable tail is one of the Myoviridae.T4-like phage has been utilized as the main modeling system in the field of modern genetics and molecular biology,leading a research significance by further lucubrating it.In this particular research,the classification and morphological characteristics of T4-like phage,the interaction mechanism with its hosts and its biological significance are summarized for the purpose of a better and deeper understanding of it.