带自动灭火装置的车用锂电池箱盖系统开发与验证

A cover system with automatic extinguishing device for vehicle lithium battery: development and verification

基于主、被动安全相结合的思路,针对目前车载锂电池包热失控主动监测与预防措施存在的不足,开发一种带自动灭火装置的锂电池箱盖系统。通过燃烧试验测出单块三元锂电池及其主要组件的燃烧特性,得到相应的温度及热释放速率曲线;以此为基础,确定箱盖系统总体设计方案,并对火灾探测模块及灭火模块进行选型和设计;最后,结合Semenov热失控原理、传热学理论及GB50084 2017的设计要求,验证箱盖系统应用在某电动车锂电池箱中的灭火效果。结果表明:该箱盖系统能有效监测并扑灭锂电池包早期局部火灾,并持续冷却降温,防止火灾复燃,具有较强的市场推广潜力。

In view of the shortcomings in the measures for monitoring and preventing the thermal runaway of vehicle lithium battery,a lithium battery cover system with an automatic extinguishing device was developed.For developing the system,combustion characteristics of a single ternary lithium-ion battery and its main components were measured by carrying out combustion tests,and corresponding temperature and heat release rate curves were obtained. Based on this,the overall design scheme of the cover system was determined,and the fire detection module and fire extinguishing module were selected and designed.Finally,combined with Semenov thermal runaway principle, heat transfer theory and the design requirements of GB50084-2017,the fire extinguishing effect of the cover system applied to a battery pack of an electric vehicle is verified. The results show that the cover system can effectively monitor and extinguish the early local fire of battery pack,and keep cooling to prevent the fire from re-igniting,which has a strong marketing potential.