大田软海绵酸类毒素的毒理学研究进展

Research Progress on Toxicology of Okadaic Acid and Dinophysistoxins

腹泻性贝类中毒是一类因食用特定毒素污染的海产品而引起的食源性疾病,大田软海绵酸(Okadaic Acid,OA)及其衍生物鳍藻毒素(Dinophysistoxins,DTXs)是腹泻性贝毒(Diarrhetic shellfish poisons,DSP)中分布最广、危害最大的一类组分。研究发现,OA及DTXs能通过抑制蛋白质磷酸化过程而产生诸如腹泻、恶心和呕吐等症状,此外,该类毒素同时具有多种慢性毒性作用,本文在OA类毒素在致毒机制、体内实验、细胞毒性、遗传毒性、神经毒性、免疫毒性等方面进行了综述,总结了此类毒素的研究现状和进展,为该类毒素的进一步毒理学研究提供了依据。

Okadaic acid(OA) and its derivatives(dinophysistoxins, DTXs) are common and widely distributed marine biological toxins. Related studies have proved their acute toxicity (diarrhea, vomiting, etc.) and chronic toxic effects. This paper summarizes recent progress of the OA toxins in the area of toxication mechanism, in vivo assay, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity and immunological toxicity, and provides a reference for further toxicology research of the toxins.