中医药对帕金森病的临床疗效及相关信号通路的研究进展

Research Progress on Clinical Efficacy and Related Signaling Pathways in the Treatment of PD by TCM

帕金森病是一种中枢神经系统退行性病变,好发于中老年人群,与中医“颤证”相对应,全世界约有600万患者,并随年龄增长而增加。主要病理学病变特征是中脑黑质致密部多巴胺神经元(Dopaminergic neuron,DA)缺失和残存神经元内形成特征性的路易小体(Lewy's),这直接导致纹状体DA缺乏,并最终导致静止性震颤、肌强直、运动迟缓和姿势步态异常等运动障碍,同时伴随大量非运动症状,严重影响人类生存质量并造成沉重社会负担。该病尚无有效治疗方法,近年来研究表明,PD病理改变与细胞信号传导通路密切相关,为临床治疗提供新思路。本文对帕金森病中医病因病机和中医药临床应用进行概述,并重点介绍相关信号传导通路,以期发现中医药改善PD的治疗方法。

Parkinson's disease(PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease and often occurs to middle-aged, which belongs to tremor syndrome in TCM. There are approximately six million PD patients all over the world. The incidence of PD will increase with increasing ages. PD is characterized by loss of dopamine(DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the formation of characteristic Lewy's in the remaining neurons, leading to DA deficiency in striatum. Resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and abnormal gait are characteristic symptoms of PD, accompanied by a variety of non-motor symptoms. These symptoms seriously affect the quality of life and cause heavy social burden. There is no effective treatment for this disease. But in recent years, research showed that the pathological changes of PD were closely related to the signal transduction pathway, and would provide new ideas for clinical treatment. This study summarized the etiology and the pathogenesis of the disease, as well as TCM clinical application from TCM point of view, the signal transduction pathways were mainly introduced as well, aiming to find TCM therapies to improve PD.