查尔斯·马特尔(Charles Martel)的分类编目思想

Classification and Cataloging Thoughts of Charles Martel

查尔斯·马特尔是20世纪美国图书馆历史中的重要实干家。他主导编制《美国国会图书馆分类法》,奠定了分类法按学科设置主要大类并扩展式列举类目的结构,倡导分类法应当从文献本身出发、便于用户使用、结合实际情况调整而避免任何僵化的规则;推广卡片目录的使用并提倡对其进行简化;积极参与国际交流与合作,推进联合编目的开展等。马特尔的分类编目思想集中体现在进一步突出分类编目中的实用主义,继承了《克特扩展式分类法》中秉持的认识上的进化论思想,意识到类目体系的符号意义。

Charles Martel was one of the most important librarians in the American Library history during the 20th Century. He laid the foundation that classification should set the main categories classes according to disciplines and expanding new classes by enumeration,emphasize the literary itself and user convenience,adjust to the actual situation to avoid rigid rules. He promoted the usage of card catalog,and advocated to simplify it. He occupied in international practice and cooperated cataloging. Martel’s thoughts mainly reflected in the further pragmatism in classification practice,inherited the evolutionary ideas from Cutter’s classification,and recognized the symbolic meaning of important classification system.