固定餐盘法在糖尿病饮食治疗中的应用研究

Study on the application of fixed plate in the treatment of diabetes mellitus

目的根据固定餐盘在糖尿病患者中的应用效果,探讨糖尿病饮食健康教育新方法。方法选取我院2017年6月-2018年1月于内分泌科出院的38例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象。符合本次研究要求的患者于出院1周后回我科领取餐盘和饮食健康教育资料,并抽血检查糖化血红蛋白、血脂、尿酸、体质量。随后进行为期3个月的回访,回访结束后患者回院再次检查糖化血红蛋白、血脂、尿酸、体质量并与出院后1周的数据进行比较。结果患者微量血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇下降、低密度脂蛋白下降、尿酸下降及体质量较使用前均有明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论固定餐盘的使用为患者在进行糖尿病饮食自我管理时对量的控制提供了工具,使患者能够快速方便的掌握一日三餐所需饭菜的量,同时对三大营养素(碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂肪)的搭配给出了更直观的方法。

Objective To investigate the new method for health education on diabetic diet according to the effect of fixed dinner plate applying in diabetic patients. Methods The patients with type 2 diabetes who were discharged from the department of endocrinology in our hospital from June 2017 to January 2018 were selected as subjects. A week after discharge, the patients who met the requirements of this study returned to our department to receive dinner plates and health education materials on diet. In addition, blood samples were collected to detect glycosylated hemoglobin, blood lipid, uric acid and body weight. Subsequently, follow-up was carried out for 3 months. After follow-up, the patients were reexamined for glycosylated hemoglobin, blood lipid, uric acid and body weight, which were compared with the data at one week after discharge. Results Trace blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and uric acid reduced and body weight decreased significantly in the patients compared with those before application, with statistically significant differences ( P <0.05). Conclusion The application of fixed dinner plate provides a tool for the patients to control the amount of food needed in self-management of diabetic diet. It enables the patients to quickly and conveniently grasp the amount of food needed for three meals a day. Moreover, it provides a more intuitive method for the collocation of four categories of food (cereals and potatoes, proteins, vegetables, melons and fruits, and fats).