草地贪夜蛾的生物防治及潜在入侵风险

Recent Advances in Biological Control and Invasion Risk of Spodoptera frugiperda

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)是世界重要农业害虫,原产于美洲地区。2018年底入侵我国,2019年4月30日,在海南省,草地贪夜蛾在海口首次发现,目前该虫已在海南省18个县市定殖。本文在收集、整理草地贪夜蛾入侵地生物生态学、地理分布等信息的基础上,综述国内外草地贪夜蛾的天敌如寄生蜂、线虫、病原真菌、病毒及信息素诱杀的研究和利用情况;同时,利用Maxent生态位模型和ArcGIS对草地贪夜蛾在我国的潜在适生区进行了风险评估,结果表明长江流域以南和华中地区在气候条件、寄主等方面利于草地贪夜蛾的生存和为害。海南省可满足草地贪夜蛾周年生存,可成为迁飞虫源地,且海南是国家南繁科研育种基地,该虫在海南的发生会影响我国种业安全,因此亟需加强对其监测和防控。

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith), natived in Central America,is an important agricultural pest. S. frugiperda had invaded in the end of 2018, and it was first found in Haikou on 30th April, 2019. The survey showed S. frugiperda was established in 18 countries in Hainan. Based on information about biology, ecology and the distribution of S. frugiperda, this paper reviews the status of research and utilization both inside and outside China of natural enemies such as wasps, nematode pathogenic fungi, Entomopathogenic virus, and pheromone trap in controlling S. frugiperda. Meanwhile, the potential geographic distribution for S. frugiperda was analyzed by using an ecological niche model(Maxent) and ArcGIS. The forecasted results indicated that S. frugiperda were very suitable for the survival in huge area in south of the Yangtze River and Central China and The potential threat of S. frugiperda is able to survive year around in Hainan where could be the origin of the pest in China. In addition, Hainan is national south breeding base and the occurrence of S. frugiperda threatens the safety of seed industry. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the monitoring and prevention of the pest.