老年健康个体的运动特征研究

Motion analysis of healthy elderly people

目的 从生物力学的角度评估日常活动对老年人的定量影响,为其提供针对性的日常生活指导。方法 采集7例健康老年个体水平行走和起立过程的运动并进行骨肌多体动力学分析,7名健康青年作为对照组。采用独立样本t检验比较老年组与对照组在水平行走以及坐立起身过程中的运动学和动力学参数的统计学差异。结果 老年组水平行走时步行周期较对照组组增大14.8%(P<0.01),跨距减小17.3%(P<0.02)。水平行走过程中老年组个体差异较大,踝关节力比对照组大14.3%(P>0.05),是老年人中多发踝关节疼痛的主要原因。起立过程中地面反作用力之和较对照组更大,竖直方向加速度增大,采用双手叉腰起身时双腿对称性更接近1(P<0.02)。结论 老年人运动能力减弱,步速降低,跨距减小,踝关节力增大,起立过程的竖直加速度增大,双腿对称性更优。

Objective To evaluate biomechanical effects of daily activities on elderly people and therefore provide subject-specific guidance. Methods Level walking and sit-to-stand trials of participants (7 elderly people and 7 young people) were captured with VICON 3-dimensional motion analysis system.Musculoskeletal multi-body dynamic analysis and independent-samples T test were conducted to compare statistic difference of the kinematic and kinetic parameters. Results Individual differnce for kinematic/kinetic parameters occurred among elderly people.The ankle contact forces were 14.3% higher than the control group( P >0.05) which may contribute to the widely ankle pain among elderly people. Conclusion Meanwhile,bigger ground reaction forces,which indicated the accelerated speed in the vertical direction,were observed among elderly people during the sit-to-stand movement.Better ground reaction forces symmetry between lower limbs was seen among elderly people with akimbo adopted( P <0.02).