基于空间面板模型的浙江省FDI影响因素实证研究

An Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of Foreign Direct Investment in Zhejiang Province

在当前中美贸易摩擦背景下,研究外商直接投资影响因素对于浙江省更好地利用外资无疑具有重要的理论和实践意义。以浙江省2000年至2016年11设区市面板数据为基础,结合浙江省FDI增长情况,对利用外资的特征和问题进行了总结归纳,对影响浙江省外商直接投资的影响因素进行实证,结论如下:浙江省外商直接投资呈现明显的空间溢出效应。社会消费品零售总额、平均货币工资、高校在校生人数、基础设施投资和进出口总额占GDP的比重对促进外商直接投资具有促进作用,第三产业占GDP比重、商业信用环境(CEI)对FDI起抑制作用。浙江省外商直接投资正处于从劳动力指向型向市场指向型、从劳动力密集型向资本密集型和技术密集型、从垂直分工型向水平分工型“三转折”时期。最后提出加强体制机制创新;调整外商直接投资的区域和产业布局;加强必要基础设施建设,营造良好信用建设;划清政府与市场边界,搭建平台发挥FDI外溢效应等建议。

Under the background of Sino-US trade frictions, it is undoubtedly of great theoretical and practical significance to study the influencing factors of foreign direct investment for Zhejiang Province to make better use of foreign capital. Based on panel data of 11 districts and municipalities in Zhejiang Province from 2000 to 2016, combined with the growth of FDI in Zhejiang Province, this paper summarizes the characteristics and problems of FDI utilization, and makes an empirical study on the influencing factors of FDI in Zhejiang Province. The conclusions are as follows: FDI in Zhejiang Province shows obvious spatial spillover effect. Total retail sales of consumer goods, average monetary wages, the number of students in Colleges and universities, the proportion of infrastructure investment and total import and export to GDP can promote FDI, while the proportion of tertiary industry to GDP and business credit environment (CEI) can inhibit FDI. Foreign direct investment in Zhejiang Province is in a period of "three turning points" from labor-oriented to market-oriented, from labor-intensive to capital-intensive and technology-intensive, and from vertical division to horizontal division. Finally, some suggestions are put forward, such as strengthening the innovation of system and mechanism, adjusting the regional and industrial layout of FDI, strengthening the construction of necessary infrastructure, building good credit, delineating the boundary between government and market, and building a platform to give full play to the spillover effect of FDI.