《癌症楼》中的象征意义

Symbolic Meanings in Cancer Ward

《癌症楼》是索尔仁尼琴生前最重要的作品之一。作者在其中提出了有关生命意义这一永恒问题,即人们靠什么活着。他以托尔斯泰的哲学观为出发点,将处在死亡边缘的这群癌症患者的苦闷、悲痛、哀伤、彷徨、恐惧,逐一细腻地展现在读者面前,让读者有机会近距离接触死亡,目睹这群人生命逐渐衰竭的过程及在这段过程中他们各自的心理变化。无论是党政干部鲁萨诺夫,还是普通农民普罗什卡,在死亡面前都只不过是渺小而又无奈的存在,《癌症楼》里的每位患者在接到诊断书的那一刹那到死亡都需要经历漫长的过程,而在这一过程中主人公们会进行多次对话,而作者正是借助不同主人公之口阐述自己的观点。除此之外,《癌症楼》也是一部充满象征意义的作品,而本文正是从以下三个方面来探寻《癌症楼》中所隐含的各个象征。

“Cancer Ward” is one of the most important works of Solzhenitsyn. The author raised the eternal question about the meaning of life--what do people live on? Taking Tolstoy's philosophy as the starting point, Solzhenitsyn described a group of cancer patients on the verge of death with the sorrow, grief, sadness, hesitance and fear, which were presented to the readers in detail. And at the same time readers can get close to the death , observe the gradual exhaustion of life and patients’ psychological changes from very close distance when they read the book. Whether it is the government official Rusanov or the ordinary man Proshka, in the face of death, everyone is just the small and helpless existence. Every patient in the “Cancer Ward” from the moment, when they got the diagnosis, until death, needed to go through a long period .And during the period all the characters had many dialogues, and the author exactly used their mouths to express own opinions. In addition to this,“Cancer Ward” is also a symbolic work, and this article is to explore the hidden symbols in “Cancer Ward” from the following three aspects.