GC-MS结合保留指数研究龙脑樟不同部位精油成分

Study on the components of essential oil from different parts of Cinnamomum camphora by GC-MS and retention indices

采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取5年生龙脑樟叶、干、根3个部位精油,利用GC-MS检测方法,结合保留指数(RI)分析法,对精油化学成分组成进行鉴定。结果表明:龙脑叶精油含固体粗龙脑和液体龙脑油2种物质,粗龙脑共鉴定出8种化合物,占挥发油总含量的99.97%,其中含量>1.00%的化合物共2种;龙脑油共鉴定出28种化合物,占挥发油总含量的99.73%,其中含量>1.00%的化合物共16种。干精油共鉴定出27种化合物,占挥发油总含量的98.97%,其中含量>1.00%的化合物共14种。根精油共鉴定出26种化合物,占挥发油总含量的99.89%,其中含量>1.00%的化合物共14种。3个部位精油中所共有的化合物有20种,叶精油、干精油主要成分是龙脑,根精油中主要成分是黄樟油素,但龙脑含量极低。

The essential oil from leaves, stems and roots of 5 years old Cinnamomum camphora were extracted by steam distillation. The components of essential oil was identified by GC-MS and retention indices. The essential oil from leaves contains rough borneol solid and borneol oil liquid. 8 components in the rough borneol solid were identified and accounted for 99.97% of the total components, in which the content of 2 components was more than 1.00%;28 components in the borneol oil were identified and accounted for 99.73% of the total components, in which the content of 16 components was more than 1.00%;27 components in stem essential oil were identified and accounted for 98.97% of the total components, in which the content of 14 components was more than 1.00%;26 components in root essential oil were identified and accounted for 99.89% of the total components, in which the content of 14 components was more than 1.00%. 20 common components were in the different parts of Cinnamomum camphora, the main component of leaf essential oil and stem essential oil was borneol, but the main component of root essential oil is safrole, with extremely low content of borneol.