上海市宝山区友谊地区学龄前儿童反复呼吸道感染现状分析

Analysis of recurrent respiratory tract infection in preschool children in friendship area of baoshan district,Shanghai

目的研究上海市宝山区友谊地区学龄前儿童反复呼吸道感染(RRTIs)的现状。方法2017年1月至2018年6月,自行设计调查表,按照自愿原则通过网络信息采集的方式,对同意本次研究的儿童监护人进行调查。结果所调查的864名儿童中,诊断为RRTIs的儿童共168名,发病率为19.4%。与正常对照组相比,儿童是否定期锻炼、挑食、零食、参与中医治疗及冬病夏治敷贴治疗、家属吸烟与否、家中是否存在毛绒玩具、父母亲学历对RRTIs的发生情况差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过Logistic回归分析,儿童挑食、零食摄入过多(每天)、家属存在吸烟、家中存在毛绒玩具均与RRTIs的发生关系密切,可作为独立危险因素(P<0.05)。而父母亲学历较高(本科及以上)、通过定期锻炼、中医及敷贴治疗可有效降低RRTIs的发生率,成为RRTIs发生的保护性因素。结论上海市宝山区友谊地区学龄前儿童RRTIs发病率为19.4%,略低于临床相似研究的统计结果。儿童挑食、零食摄入过多(每天)、家属存在吸烟、家中存在毛绒玩具为RRTIs发生的独立危险因素,应采取针对性措施加强防控。

Objective To study the status of recurrent respiratory tract infection(RRTIs)in preschool children in the friendship region,baoshan district,Shanghai.Methods From January 2017 to June 2018,the questionnaire was designed by ourselves,and the children's guardians who agreed to this study were investigated by means of network information collection on a voluntary basis.Results Of the 864 children surveyed,168 were diagnosed with RRTIs,with an incidence of 19.4%.Compared with the normal control group,there were statistically significant differences in the occurrence of RRTIs between children who had regular exercise,picky eating,snacks,participated in the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and the treatment of winter diseases and summer treatment,whether their family members smoked or not,whether there were plush toys at home,and parental education(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of RRTIs was closely related to children's picky eating,excessive intake of snacks(daily),smoking of family members,and existence of plush toys in the home,which could be considered as an independent risk factor(P<0.05).The occurrence rate of RRTIs can be effectively reduced by parents with higher education(undergraduate degree or above),regular exercise,traditional Chinese medicine and application therapy,and become a protective factor for the occurrence of RRTIs.Conclusion The incidence of RRTIs among preschool children in baoshan district of Shanghai was 19.4%,slightly lower than the statistical results of similar clinical studies.Children's picky eating,excessive intake of snacks(daily),family members'smoking and plush toys in the home are independent risk factors of RRTIs,and targeted measures should be taken to strengthen prevention and control.