氮磷钾配比施肥对浙江润楠幼苗生长及生理的影响

Effect of NPK ratio fertilization on growth and physiological characteristics of Machilus chekiangensis seedlings

通过盆栽试验法和L9(34)正交试验设计法,以一年生浙江润楠幼苗为研究对象,探讨氮磷钾配比施肥对浙江润楠幼苗生长及生理的影响。结果表明:试验处理组A8(N3P2K1)是苗高生长量和地径生长量最大的组别,幼苗总生物量由大到小的排序为A8>A3>A4>A7>A2>A9>A5>A1>CK>A6,干重根冠比值最大是CK,最小是A9,各施肥组幼苗的单位叶面积较CK显著增加,平均增量为68.57cm2,试验组各种叶绿素含量与CK均有显著差异,叶绿素a最大值A2为1.94mg·g^-1,叶绿素b最大值A7为0.62mg·g^-1,类胡萝卜素最大值A5为2.79mg·g^-1,叶绿素总量最大值A8为2.52mg·g^-1。比较不同配比施肥与生长指标的关系可知,氮肥、磷肥、钾肥与生长指标为正相关。通过综合评价可知,本试验中的A8为促进浙江润楠幼苗生长指标的最优组别,施肥量为N:750mg·株^-1、P:90mg·株^-1、K:240mg·株^-1。

Using pot experiment and L9(34) orthogonal test design method, taking the annual seedlings of Machilus chekiangensis as the research object, the effects of NPK fertilization on the growth and physiology of M. chekiangensis seedlings were discussed. The results showed that the experimental treatment group A8 (N3P2K1) was the group with the highest seedling growth and ground diameter growth. The total biomass of seedlings is ranked as A8>A3>A4>A7>A2>A9>A5>A1>CK>A6, from large to small. The ratio of dry weight to root crown is CK, and the minimum is A9. The leaf area per seedling of each fertilization group increased significantly compared with CK, with an average increment of 68.57 cm2. The chlorophyll content of the test group was significantly different from that of CK. The maximum chlorophyll a A2 was 1.94 mg·g^-1, the maximum chlorophyll b A7 was 0.62 mg·g^-1, the maximum carotenoid A5 was 2.79 mg·g^-1, and the maximum chlorophyll A8 was 2.52 mg·g^-1. Comparing the relationship between different ratios of fertilization and growth indicators, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were positively correlated with growth indicators. Through comprehensive evaluation, A8 in this experiment is the best group to promote the growth index of seedlings of M. chekiangensis. The amount of fertilizer applied was N: 750 mg per plant, P: 90 mg per plant, K: 240 mg per plant.