椎体强化术骨水泥渗漏并发症及预防的研究进展

Advances in research on complications and prevention of bone cement leakage in percutaneous vertebral augmentation

椎体强化术是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的有效方法,骨水泥渗漏是其最常见的并发症,其可导致血管栓塞、神经损伤及相邻椎体骨折等.随着手术适应症的选择、术中检测设备的成熟及手术技巧的使用,引起临床症状的渗漏较少见,但亦会引起截瘫、肺栓塞等致命性后果.因此,熟知各种骨水泥渗漏的临床症状,做到早期发现显得尤为重要;同时对于初学者应严格遵守手术指征,学习并掌握各种手术技巧,减少骨水泥渗漏.

Percutaneous vertebral augmentation is an effective method for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Cement leakage is the most common complication. Cement leakage can lead to vascular embolism, nerve injury and adjacent vertebral fractures. With the choice of surgical indications, the maturity of intraoperative testing equipment and the use of surgical techniques, leakage of clinical symptoms is less common, but it can also cause fatal consequences such as paraplegia and pulmonary embolism. Therefore, it is especially important to understand the clinical symptoms of bone cement leakage for early detection. At the same time, beginners should strictly abide by surgical indications, learn and master various surgical techniques to reduce bone cement leakage.