工程知识传承视角中的工程教育实践本性和应然形态

A Study on the Nature and Form of Engineering Education from the Perspective of Engineering Knowledge Inheritance

从知识载体和传承方式视角将工程知识划分为默会知识、物化知识和明言知识,从工程知识形态,工程知识传承方式、特征、历史进程及建制化学校教育等方面的工程知识传承探讨显示:工程知识的发展、演化和传承与人工物的发展演化之间存在相互建构性;工程知识经历了默会传承、演化传承、物化传承和教育传承等几种方式;作为工程知识传承方式的高等工程教育有其实践本性和应然形态。

From the perspective of knowledge carrier and inheritance method,engineering knowledge can be categorized into tacit knowledge,materialized knowledge and articulate knowledge.This paper tries to explore the engineering knowledge inheritance from several aspects,including the form of engineering knowledge,the method,the characteristics and history of engineering knowledge inheritance and institutionalized education.It is found that the development,evolution and inheritance of engineering knowledge and the development and evolution of artifacts are constitutive of each other.This paper also analyzes several inheritance methods of engineering knowledge,including tacit inheritance,evolution inheritance,materialized inheritance and education inheritance,and reveals the nature and the form of higher engineering education which is an inheritance method of engineering knowledge.