税收优惠对企业创新效率的门槛效应——创新价值链视角下制造业的实证研究

Threshold Effects of Tax Incentives on Enterprise’s Innovation Efficiency:Empirical Research Based on Manufacturing Industry in Innovation Value Chain

为研究税收优惠政策的实施效果,基于创新价值链视角探究税收优惠对创新效率的作用机理,并分析行业环境因素对创新激励政策的调节效应。选用中国制造业2005—2015年行业面板数据构建随机前沿模型(SFA)和门槛模型.,实证结果表明:企业科技创新水平处于0.5~0.8范围内,整体发展不均衡、不协同;税收优惠在一定门槛范围内提升了企业创新效率,而在创新价值创造过程中则表现出门槛异质效益;国有产权性质抑制科技研发阶段税收政策的实施效应而促进价值实现阶段的实施效应;加强政产学研合作、出口鼓励政策、税收优惠政策显著激励企业创新。

In order to study the implementation effect of tax preference policy, this paper explores the mechanism of tax preference on innovation efficiency from the perspective of innovation value chain, and analyzes the adjustment effect of industry environm ental factors on innovation incentive policy. Through constructing SFA m odel and threshold effect model by manufacturing industry panel data from 2005 to 2015 in China, the empirical results show that: the capabilities of corporate science and technology innovation are unbalanced and not coordinated within the range from 0.5 to 0.8;tax incentives increase the efficiency of R&D in a certain threshold, while in the process of innovation value creation it shows a heterogeneous benefit;at the same time, state-owned property rights will inhibit the implementation of tax policies in the stage of technology research and development, but it will promote the stage of transformation of benefits;in addition, strengthen the cooperation betw een government, industry, university and research, the export encouragement policy, and the tax preferential policy significantly stimulate enterprise innovation.