外资和生产性服务业集聚对城市环境污染的影响

Influences of FDI and producer services agglomeration on urban environmental pollution

基于中国266个地级及以上城市数据,运用空间计量方法,分析了外商直接投资、生产性服务业集聚与城市环境污染的内在联系。结果显示:中国城市污染排放存在明显的空间集聚现象;外商直接投资对污染排放的影响具有正显著性;生产性服务业集聚能显著改善污染问题;外商直接投资与生产性服务业集聚互动性的增强可以抑制城市污染排放;生产性服务业集聚对污染排放的空间溢出显著为负;外商直接投资与生产性服务业集聚交互项的空间溢出不受地理阈值的影响,并且能够显著改善相邻城市的环境污染;对集聚的外部性进行分析发现,MAR外部性会加剧污染,而Jacobs和Porter外部性能够显著减少污染,MAR外部性以及Porter外部性与外商直接投资的互动都能够有效抑制污染排放。

Adopting the empirical data of 266 prefecture - level cities and above in China from 2005 to 2016, this essay uses Spatial Econometric Method to analyze the intrinsic relations between FDI, Producer Service Industry agglomeration and urban environmental pollution. The results show that: There is a clear spatial agglomeration of pollution emissions in Chinese cities;The influence of FDI on pollution emissions is positive, while the agglomeration of productive service industries can significantly improve pollution problems;The enhanced interaction between FDI and Producer Services can effectively suppress urban pollution emissions;Spatial spillover coefficient of pollution emissions from Producer Services is significantly negative;The spatial spillover effect of interactions of the FDI and the Producer Service industry’s agglomeration is not affected by the geographic threshold, which can significantly improve the environmental pollution of neighboring cities;Further analysis of the agglomeration externalities reveals that MAR externalities can exacerbate pollution problems, while Jacobs externalities and Porter externalities can significantly reduce urban pollution emissions, interactions of MAR externalities and FDI, interactions of Porter externalities and FDI can effectively suppress pollution emissions.