湖南省耒阳市2011-2017年5岁以下儿童死亡监测分析

Analysis of the monitoring data on the death of children under 5 years old from 2011 to 2017 in Leiyang county,Hengyang city,Hunan province

目的了解湖南省耒阳市2011-2017年5岁以下儿童死亡率变化及死亡原因顺位变化趋势,并针对主要死因提出有效降低死亡率的干预措施。方法收集耒阳市2011-2017年5岁以下儿童死亡监测活产数及死亡个案卡,利用Excel表及SPSS统计软件进行统计学分析。结果耒阳市2011-2017年新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率分别为3.12‰、5.41‰、9.25‰,5岁以下儿童死亡率逐年下降(2011年为11.01‰,2017年为6.73‰),男女死亡率比较差异无统计学意义;溺水、肺炎、早产或低出生体重、先天性心脏病、意外窒息是5岁以下儿童死亡主要原因。结论降低耒阳市5岁以儿童死亡率关键是预防溺水、意外窒息、先天性心脏病、早产或低出生体重的死亡。

Objective To understand the changes of mortality rate and the trends of causes of death among of children under 5 years old in Leiyang County from 2011 to 2017 and put forward effective intervention measures to reduce the mortality rate for the main causes of death.Methods The number of live births and death cards of children under 5 years old from 2011 to 2017 in Leiyang County were collected and statistical analyzed using Excel table and SPSS statistical software.Results The mortality rate of newborns,infants and children under 5 years old in Leiyang County from 2011 to 2017 was 3.12‰,3.12‰,9.25‰,respectively.The mortality rate of children under 5 years old decreased year by year(from 11.01‰in 2011 to 6.73‰in 2017).There was no statistical difference in mortality rates between male and female.Drowning,pneumonia,premature or low birth weight,congenital heart disease and accidental asphyxia were the leading causes of death among children under 5 years old.Conclusion The key measures to reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Leiyang County is to prevent the death from drowning,accidental asphyxia,congenital heart disease,premature birth or low birth weight.