从威廉·戈尔丁《蝇王》看社会秩序的重建

The Reconstruction of Social Order from William Golding’s Lord of the Flies

英国小说家威廉·戈尔丁的《蝇王》以人性蜕变的悲剧刻画出文明的脆弱不堪,并通过社会的缺陷归结人性的缺陷,表现人性中无尽的恐惧和疯狂的暴力。既然人内心的邪恶无法消除,那么以人为基础建立的社会就无法达到理想的“世外桃源”状态。从小说中权威的建立到秩序的瓦解,我们知道,秩序需要强制力,但过度的强制力会导致专制和暴政。戈尔丁虽然没有给出建立社会秩序的可行性方案,他却怀着一丝希望探讨建立社会秩序的可能,并通过小说的形式直观地展示人性的阴暗面,时刻提醒人们正视自身的邪恶并设法加以控制。

Lord of the Flies by William Golding,a British novelist,portrays the frailty of civilization with the transformation of human nature,ascribes the defects of human nature caused by the defects of so-ciety,and expresses the endless fear and crazy violence in human nature.Since the evil in man cannot be eliminated,the society cannot achieve the ideal state of“paradise”.From the establishment of authority to the collapse of order,we know that order requires compulsion,but excessive compulsion leads to despotism and tyranny.Although Golding did not give a feasible plan for the establishment of social order,he had a glimmer of hope to explore the possibility of establishing social order and to show the dark side of human nature.This novel reminds people to face their own evil and try to control it.