新兴流行表态构式“也是X了”的研究

The Study of the New and Expressing Attitudes Construction “ye shi X le(也是X了)”

新兴流行构式“也是X了”具有主观表态功能,是现代汉语口语里较为常用的表达式,构式中“也是”已由客观地表示类同或者判断变为主观性地表达说话者的态度、语气的词语。该构式具有整体结构固定化、表意方式共性化和流行结构能产性几大特征;其变项“X”对音节没有绝对限制,词性上以谓词性词语为主;构式义是对难以理解的行为或事实以调侃戏谑的态度来表达个人观点,且表意特点以含蓄性、反讽性和经济性为主;语用功能上主要是特殊会话含义的典型代表,同时社会语用发展趋势明显。

The popular construction“ye shi X le(也是X了)has the function of expression attitudes,which is a common phrases in spoken Chinese,“ye shi”is a word that changes from an objective expression of similarity or judgment to a subjective expression of the speaker;s mood.The construction is characterized by immobilization of the whole structure,commonality of ideographic modes and productivity of popular structures;its variant“X”has no absolute restriction on syllables and predicate words are dominant in part of speech;its meaning is to express personal opinions with ridiculous attitude towards incomprehensible acts or facts,and its ideographic features are mainly implicit,ironic and economical.The pragmatic functions is the special conversational implicature,and the trend of social pragmatics is obvious.