持续性膳食营养指导配合健康教育对2型糖尿病患者糖代谢及慢性并发症的影响

Effect of Continuous Dietary Nutrition Guidance Combined with Health Education on Glucose Metabolism and Chronic Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的分析2型糖尿病患者护理中联用持续性膳食营养指导与健康教育对糖代谢、慢性并发症的影响。方法从2016年9月—2017年9月期间该院2型糖尿病患者中方便选取79例随机分成对照组(38例,一般随访护理)和研究组(41例,对照组+持续性膳食营养指导+健康教育)。比较两组出院时、出院后6个月糖代谢情况,生活质量,健康知识掌握情况,慢性并发症。结果出院后6个月研究组空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、餐后2h血糖(PBG)分别为(6.32±1.11)mmol/L、(7.90±0.96)%、(8.38±1.21)mmol/L,对照组分别为(8.41±1.37)mmol/L、(9.14±1.13)%、(9.52±1.25)mmol/L,明显高于研究组(t=7.475,P=0.000;t=5.269,P=0.000;t=4.118,P=0.000);出院后6个月研究组生活质量评分为(81.57±5.02)分,对照组为(75.30±6.95)分,明显低于研究组(t=4.621,P=0.000);研究组健康知识掌握优良率为90.24%,明显高于对照组的71.05%(χ^2=4.722,P=0.030),慢性并发症出现率为7.32%,明显低于对照组的23.68%(χ^2=4.101,P=0.043)。结论2型糖尿病患者护理中联用持续性膳食营养指导与健康教育可改善糖代谢、生活质量、健康知识掌握情况,减少并发症。

Objective To analyze the effects of continuous dietary nutrition guidance and health education on glucose metabolism and chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods From September 2016 to September 2017,a total of 79 patients with type 2 diabetes were convenient selected and randomly divided into control group(38 cases,general follow-up care)and study group(41 cases,general follow-up care,continuous dietary nutrition guidance,and health education).The glucose metabolism,quality of life at discharge and 6 months after discharge,health knowledge,and chronic complications of the two groupswere compared.Results 6 months after discharge,the FBG,HbA1 c,and PBG of the study group were(6.32±1.11)mmol/L,(7.90±0.96)%,and(8.38±1.21)mmol/L,which were significantly higher than those of the control group(8.41±1.37)mmol/L,(9.14±1.13)%,and(9.52±1.25)mmol/L,(t=7.475,P=0.000;t=5.269,P=0.000;t=4.118,P=0.000).The quality of life score of the study group was(81.57±5.02)points at 6 months after discharge,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(75.30±6.95)points(t=4.621,P=0.000).The excellent and good rate of health knowledge of the study group was 90.24%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(71.05%)(χ^2=4.722,P=0.030).The incidence of chronic complications was 7.32%in the study group,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(23.68%)(χ^2=4.101,P=0.043).Conclusion Continuous dietary nutrition guidance and health education in patients with type 2 diabetes can improve glucose metabolism,quality of life,health knowledge,and reduce complications.