浅述刮痧的内涵与理论基础

Brief Analysis on the Connotation and Theoretical Basis of Scraping

[目的]研究"痧"和"刮痧"的内核以及刮痧的理论基础。[方法]参考古代相关医籍和当代医家论述,对"痧"和"刮痧"的含义及历史演变、刮痧的经络理论和刮痧的补泻进行探析。[结果]"痧"的字形记载多样,内涵不断丰富,可归纳为致病的秽恶邪毒、痧症、痧疹、怪病以及现代的"出痧"或"痧象"。刮痧起源甚早,临床强调采用"刮法"而达"出痧",亦与单纯的刮拭或放血手法密切关联。从经络学说角度而言,皮部理论和络脉理论在刮痧诊断和治疗方面发挥了重要作用。刮痧的补泻与医者操作手法和患者经气变化相关。[结论]刮痧是中医自然疗法的重要组成部分,对其内涵和理论基础进行研究,有助于科学和规范认识刮痧,从而进一步指导临床和科研。

[Objective]To study the core of’Sha’and’Scraping’, as well as the theoretical basis of scraping. [Methods]With reference to ancient Chinese medical books and contemporary medical experts, this paper probes into the connotation of’Sha’and’Scraping’, the theoretical basis of the meridians of scraping, along with the reinforcing and reducing methods of scraping. [Results]The character form of ’Sha’is recorded in various ways and its connotation is constantly enriched, which can be summarized as pathogenic evils, Sha syndrome, Sha rash, weird disease, as well as ’Sha’or’Sha image’in modern sense. Scraping originates very early. It emphasizes the use of ’scraping method’ to achieve ’Sha’, and it is also closely associated with scraping or bleeding method. From the standpoint of meridian theory, coetaneous region theory and collateral theory play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of scraping. The reinforcing and reducing methods of scraping are related to the manipulations of doctors and the changes of channel-Qi in patients. [Conclusion]Scraping therapy is an indispensable part of TCM natural therapy. Research on its connotation and theoretical basis can contribute to the scientific regulation of scraping, so as to facilitate the guidance on the clinical and scientific research of scraping.