《刘子》的实用思想与美学理论

The Practical Thought and Aesthetic Theory of Liu Zi

作为一部杂家类文献,《刘子》在因袭传统的基础上进行了一定程度的创新,形成了崇儒重道兼采法家、兵家、农家等的实用思想。基于此,《刘子》美学理论呈现出鲜明的实用特征:在“行象为美,美于顺也”的美的本质论中,强调美在于顺应自然规律、社会伦理规范和时代潮流;在“美丑无定形”的审美赏鉴论中,指出外在环境、主观态度等对美丑判断的影响;在文质审美观念的选择中,社会审美与文学艺术审美均强调“重质轻文”,展现出与北朝审美精神的高度契合。

Liu Zi is a book which can be included in the Eclectics.It formed a new kind of practical thought which advocating Confucianism,attaching importance to Taoism,absorbing legalists,soldiers and peasants,etc.Accordingly,Liu Zi’s aesthetic theory shows distinctive practical characteristics.In the essence of beauty,the author emphasized that the beauty lies in conformity with natural laws,social and ethical norms,the trend of the times.In the theory of aesthetic appreciation,the author pointed out that the judgment of beauty and ugliness can be influenced by the external environment and subjective attitude.In the choice of aesthetic conception of “wen” and “zhi”,both social aesthetics and literary and artistic aesthetics emphasize “attaching more importance to ‘zhi’ than to ‘wen’”,which shows conformity with the aesthetic spirit of the Northern Dynasty.