基于组学技术研究反刍动物瘤胃微生物及其代谢功能的进展

Research Progress on Rumen Microbiomes and Their Metabolic Functions in Ruminants Based on Omics Technology

瘤胃微生物对反刍动物的生产效率和健康状况以及温室气体的排放起着至关重要的作用,而采用不同的研究方法和手段揭示瘤胃生态系统中微生物群落的结构组成和代谢功能是该研究领域的热点和重点。本文综述了采用多组学(宏基因组学、宏转录组学、宏蛋白质组学和代谢组学)技术,结合不断发展的仪器分析和生物信息技术,研究反刍动物瘤胃微生物组成、基因组功能及代谢方面的最新进展,旨在为进一步调控瘤胃微生物以提高反刍动物生产和减轻环境污染提供新的技术手段和理论基础。

Rumen microbes play a vital role in the production efficiency,health status of ruminants and greenhouse gas emissions. It is hot spots and highlights that the different research methods are used to reveal the structural composition and metabolic function of microbial communities in rumen ecosystems. This article reviews recent advances in rumen microbial composition,genomic function and metabolism in ruminants using omics technologies (metagenome,metatranscriptome,metaproteome and metabolomics) combined with evolving instrumental analysis and bioinformatics technologies. It aims to provide new technical methods and theoretical basis for further regulating rumen microbiome to improve ruminant production and reduce environmental pollution.