宽垄覆膜沟灌模式下温室农作物高效节水灌溉研究

Study on Efficient and Water-saving Irrigation of Greenhouse Crops under Wide Ridge and Mulch Furrow Irrigation Model

灌溉是实现温室农作物补充水分的唯一方式,高效灌溉温室农作物对水分节约与区域农业经济发展具有重要的意义。本文以山西省太原市某温室农作物试验基地为例,通过引入新型宽垄覆盖沟灌技术,研究在宽垄覆盖沟灌模式下农作物的生长规律。研究发现:①温室农作物不同生长时期给水率对农作物生长的影响程度不同,苗期灌水量影响较低,开花坐果期高供水量下对植株的产量产生劣化效应,而结果期高供水量可促进温室番茄的产量,但当供水量达到一定水平后,这种促进效果开始降低直至平稳;②采用宽垄覆膜沟灌技术后温室农作物最高水分利用效率达38.90kg/m^3,较常规灌溉模式有较大的提高。

Irrigation is the only way to supplement water for greenhouse crops,and efficient irrigation of greenhouse crops is of great significance to water conservation and regional agricultural economic development.Taking a greenhouse crop experimental base in Taiyuan Municipality of Shanxi Province as an example,it was studied the growth law of crops under the wide ridge mulching furrow irrigation model by introducing a new type of wide ridge mulching furrow irrigation technology.The results show that:①the effect of water supply volume on the growth of greenhouse crops at different growth stages was different,and the effect of irrigation at seedling stage was low.The high water supply volume at flowering and fruit bearing stage had a deteriorating effect on the yield of greenhouse tomatoes,while the high water supply volume at fruit out-coming stage promoted the yield of greenhouse tomatoes.When the water supply reached a certain level,the effect began to decrease until it was stable;②the maximum water use efficiency of greenhouse crops was 38.90 kg/m^3 after the application of wide ridge mulching and furrow irrigation,which was much higher than that of conventional irrigation model.