江西省林草地牧草资源与生产力调查及评价

Forage resources and productivity of forest grassland in Jiangxi Province

通过对江西省林草地牧草资源的调查和对不同类型林草地牧草生产力及动态开展持续监测,分析了江西省不同类型林草地牧草生产力及群落主要优势物种种类。牧草生物量高峰期监测发现,各种林草地均可获得较好牧草产量,干草最高产量4650kg·hm^-2,最低1085kg·hm^-2,平均2027kg·hm^-2,载畜能力达到3.1标准羊单位·hm^-2。年内动态监测表明,林草地牧草年内产量动态规律明显,至6月上旬,牧草生长产量约为全年产量的1/3;至牧草盛期(7月30日前后),产量占比达到69.3%~76.2%;牧草生长高峰期是6月中旬-9月上旬,产草量占总产量的50%左右,11月至次年4月是林草地牧草生产的"淡季"。调查及监测发现,目前江西省有可利用林草地面积467万hm2,干草总产量1199.1万t,牧草利用率36.7%,林草地牧草利用潜力巨大,"林-草-畜"模式综合效益突出。

By investigating herbage resources and continuously monitoring trends in herbage productivity,the productivity and dominant species of forage in different types of forest grass in Jiangxi were analyzed.Monitoring at the biomass peak periods of herbage revealed that good forage yields were obtained in all types of forest grassland.The hay yield was 1 085~4 650 kg·ha^-1,with an average of 2 027 kg·ha^-1,and the livestock carrying capacity was 3.1 sheep units per hectare. Annual dynamic monitoring showed a clear trend the annual forage yield trend of forest grassland.The forage yield in early June was approximately 1/3 of the annual yield,and the forage yield during the fast-growing periods (approximately July 30) was 69.3%~76.2%.The forage yield during peak growth periods (Mid-June to early September) was approximately 50% of that during the off seasons in November to April of the following year.Hay production was 11.991 million tons from 4.67 million hectares of available forest grassland in Jiangxi,giving an herbage utilization rate of only 36.7%.Thus,the utilization potential of forest grassland and benefits of using a forest-grass-livestock model are high.