箭筈豌豆非真菌病害研究进展

Research progress on non-fungal diseases of Vicia sativa

箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)是我国草地农业系统中重要的豆科牧草及绿肥作物。本文归纳了国内外箭筈豌豆非真菌病害的分布与危害、病原物种类、发生规律和防治策略等方面的研究进展。截止2017 年底,国内外共报道箭筈豌豆非真菌病害38 种,其中细菌病害4 种,病毒病害5 种,线虫病害24 种,寄生性种子植物引致病害5 种。发生于中国、美国、英国、澳大利亚、摩洛哥等15 个国家。我国特有病害2 种,分别为咖啡短体线虫(Pratylenchus coffeae)病和北方根结线虫(Meloidogyne hapla)病。对箭筈豌豆病害的研究主要集中在细菌性赤斑病、卷叶病毒病、花叶病毒病和南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)病、北方根结线虫病、花生根结线虫(Meloidogyne arenaria)病和穿刺短体线虫(Pratylenchus penetrans)病等危害、发生规律和防治策略,但对其他病害的研究较少。今后应加强其他病害研究,加大箭筈豌豆与其他作物病害一体化研究。

Common vetch (Vicia sativa) is an important legume forage and green manure crop in China's grassland agricultural system.In this article,the advances in research on the distribution and damage,pathogens,disease cycles,and control strategies of V.sativa non-fungal diseases are summarized.By the end of the year 2017,there were 38 non-fungal diseases reported for this legume forage worldwide: 4 bacterial diseases,5 viral diseases,24 nematode diseases,and 5 parasitic seed plant diseases.These diseases occurred in 15 countries,including China,the United States,the United Kingdom,Australia,and Morocco.Diseases caused by Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne hapla only occurred in China. To date,evaluation of loss,life cycle,and management of diseases,such as chocolate spot,leaf roll,and those caused by mosaic virus and nematodes Meloidogyne incognita,Meloidogyne hapla,Meloidogyne arenaria,and Pratylenchus penetrans,has been performed at various levels;however,there have been few studies on other diseases.In the future,we should strengthen the research on diseases caused by other pathogens,and increase the integration of studies on diseases of V. sativa and other crops.