新疆阿合奇县不同牧民定居点社会效益分析

Social Benefit Analysis of Different Herdsman Settlements in Aheqi County Xinjiang

【目的】比较阿合奇县5个典型牧民定居点牧民定居前后的社会效益状况。【方法】以克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州(以下简称克州)阿合奇县哈拉布拉克乡阿克翁库尔村、国营马场博孜塔拉村、哈拉奇乡阿合奇村、阿合奇镇佳朗奇村、色帕巴依乡色帕巴依村等五个乡典型定居村为研究区域,采用问卷和访谈调查的方式,获得牧民定居前后的社会效益数据,分析牧民定居前后的社会效益变化情况。【结果】阿克翁库尔村的恩格尔系数从0.53下降至0.36,定居后生活水平从温饱提高到富裕,博孜塔拉村的恩格尔系数从0.51下降至0.37,定居后生活水平从温饱提高到富裕,阿合奇村的恩格尔系数从0.46上升至0.48,牧民恩格尔系数与定居前均无显著差异,佳朗奇村的恩格尔系数从0.42下降至0.41,牧民恩格尔系数与定居前均无显著差异,色帕巴依村的恩格尔系数从0.46下降至0.28,定居后牧民生活质量从小康提高到最富裕。【结论】阿合奇县牧民定居的社会效益显著,定居牧民的生活质量明显提高。

【Objective】To compare the social benefits of 5 typical herdsman settlements inAheqi county of Xinjiang before and after the herdsmen settling down.【Method】Taking Aheqi Halabulak town Akwengkuer village,State-Machang Boztala village,Halaqi village,Aheqi town Jialangqi village and Separbayi village as research areas,by the methods of questionnaire and interview survey,the social benefits data were collected and the changes in social benefits before and after settlement were analyzed.【Result】After settlement,the Engel coefficient of Akwengkuer village dropped from 0.53 to 0.36,the living standard enhanced from subsistence level to affluence;Engel coefficient of Boztala village dropped from 0.51 to 0.37,and the living standard also enhanced from subsistence to affluence;the Engel coefficient of Halaqi village increased from 0.46 to 0.48 and there wasn’t obvious difference in Engel coefficient in herdsmen compared to before;the Engel coefficient in Jialangqi village dropped from 0.42 to 0.41,and there also wasn’t obvious difference in Engel coefficient in herdsmen compared to before;the Engel coefficient of Separbayi village decreased from 0.46 to 0.28,the living standard enhanced from well-off level to the most affluent level.【Conclusion】After settling down,the social benefits of herdsmen in Aheqi county were remarkable,and their living standards had been improved obviously.