20世纪50年代我国高等教育部的历史考察

The Ministry of Higher Education of China in the 1950s: A Historical Investigation

高等教育部是新中国成立后独立设置的高等教育行政管理机构。在20世纪50年代,高等教育部承担领导全国高等教育及中等职业教育的职能。高等教育部推动了教育行政管理体制的改革,建立起条块分明的管理体制和校、系、教研室三级联动的组织体系;领导了两次院系调整的实施,扭转了高校区域分布不均、系科设置错乱的状况;推进了高校教学改革开展,建立起社会主义教学制度;将中等职业纳入管理体系,弥补了工业建设对专业人才的巨大需求。高等教育部的改革经验与兴废曲折,折射出政治经济因素与教育规律的联动关系,反映出基础教育与高等教育的资源分配问题。

The Ministry of Higher Education was an administrative institution set up after the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.In the 1950s,the Ministry of Higher Education assumed the role of leading higher education and secondary vocational education.The Ministry of Higher Education promoted the reform of education administration system,led the implementation of the department adjustment,advanced the development of teaching reform,and took over secondary vocational education.The reform of the Ministry of Higher Education reflected the linkage between society and education,and the distribution of resources between basic education and higher education.