高校三大职能与其经费筹措能力的关系研究——基于美日比较的视角

Research on the Relationship between the Three Major Functions of Colleges and Universities and Their Fund-raising Ability: A Perspective of US-Japan Comparison

高校三大职能作用的发挥程度与其经费筹措能力的强弱存在本质上的联系。从历史和国际比较两个视角分析市场主导型的美国高校和政府主导型的日本高校各自的这对关系可以发现:尽管两国的差异性十分显著,但也存在共性,即两国高校三大职能作用的充分发挥,既得益于政府和社会在经费方面的大量投入,也得益于政府制度政策的充分供给,更得益于高校与社会已经形成直接联系的互动机制。我国应积极借鉴美日两国的经验,在持续增加投入的同时,进一步完善支撑高校三大职能的相关制度供给,确保高等教育资源合理配置。

The role that three major functions of colleges and universities can be realized is intrinsically linked to the strength of their fund-raising ability.Base on the analysis of their own relationships of American(market-oriented)and Japanese(government-led)colleges and universities from the perspective of history and international comparison,it can be found that although the US-Japan differences are significant,there is universal commonality.The full play of three major functions of colleges and universities benefits both from the substan-tial investment of the government and the society in terms of funding,and from the full sup-ply of government institutional policies,as well as the direct interactive mechanism between colleges and universities and society.China,should learn from the development experience of them actively.While increasing investment continuously,we should further improve some relevant institutional policies connected to the supporting of three major functions,and en-sure the rational allocation of higher education resources.