论学校特色要素及其判断标准

Discussion on the Key Factors of School Characteristics and Its Standards

学界对于学校特色是什么一直存在文化说、个性说、独特说等不同观点。但对于现实中学校特色要素构成及学校是否具有特色的判断仍然缺乏依据。本文在借鉴已有认识的基础上,认为学校特色是学校独特的教育思维及其指导下的教育实践行为与其产物的整体,即学校特色是教育思想和理论支持下的知行合一。根据该概念,学校特色的要素包括学校教育观、学校教育操作思路、学校教育实践行为和学校特色物质载体,且学校特色的结构表现为四个要素的联系方式。判断一所学校是否具有特色,其依据是四个要素不可偏废且存在内在逻辑的一致性。

There are many definitions of school characteristics, such as school culture, school individuality and school uniqueness theory in research field. However, there is still lack of standards for judging the key factors of school characteristics and whether the school has its own characteristics. On the basis of these existing theories, this paper holds that the school characteristic is the integration of the unique school educational thinking and educational practice with its products under the guidance of school’s unique educational thinking. That is to say, the school characteristic is the unity of knowledge and action supported by professional educational knowledge and theory. Based on the understanding of the essence of school characteristics, the author believes that the key factors of school characteristics include school beliefs, approaches to educational operation of school, school education practice behaviors and the material carriers of school characteristics, and the structure of school characteristics is represented by the four elements and the way of their connection. The basis for judging whether a school has its own characteristics is that the four elements should not be neglected and keep on logical consistency.