杭州市大气污染对学龄儿童肺功能的短期效应研究

Short-term effects of air pollution on lung function of school-age children in Hangzhou

为分析杭州市大气污染对学龄儿童肺功能的短期影响,选择1 685名小学生进行肺功能检测,测量当天和前1天的PM2.5和PM10平均浓度每升高10μg/m^3,呼气流量峰速(PEF)分别降低0.039(95%CI:0.012~0.067)和0.031(95%CI:0.011~0.051)L/s;测量当天和前1天的SO2平均浓度每升高10μg/m3,PEF和75%最大呼气流速(MEF75)分别降低0.437(95%CI:0.217~0.658)和0.396(95%CI:0.180~0.613)L/s。调整NO2后,测量当天和前1天的PM2.5和PM10平均浓度每升高10μg/m^3时,PEF分别降低0.056(95%CI:0.028~0.085)和0.047(95%CI:0.026~0.068)L/s,MEF75分别降低0.053(95%CI:0.027~0.081)和0.044(95%CI:0.023~0.065)L/s。杭州市大气污染物对学龄儿童肺功能存在短期滞后效应。

A total of 1 685 school-age children selected from Hangzhou received lung function testing to evaluate the short-term effects of air pollution on their lung function.The results showed that in every 10μg/m^3 increase of average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 on the day of the test and the day before the test,peak expiratory flow(PEF)decreased 0.039(95%CI:0.012-0.067)L/s and 0.031(95%CI:0.011-0.051)L/s,respectively.When the average concentration of SO2 increased 10μg/m^3 on the day of test and the day prior to the test,PEF and 75%of the forced vital capacity that has not been exhaled(MEF75)decreased 0.437(95%CI:0.217-0.658)L/s and 0.396(95%CI:0.180-0.613)L/s.After being adjusted for NO2,with every 10μg/m3 increase of average concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 on the day of the test and the day before the test,PEF and MEF75 decreased 0.056(95%CI:0.028-0.085),0.053(95%CI:0.027-0.081)and 0.047(95%CI:0.026-0.068)L/s,0.044(95%CI:0.023-0.065)L/s on the day before the test,respectively.The results indicate that air pollution have short-term and lag effects on lung function of school-age children in Hangzhou.