黄芪药材等级与化学成分和抗疲劳药效的相关性分析

Examination of the correlation between grades, chemical characteristics and anti-fatigue effect of Astragali Radix

比较不同等级黄芪药材化学成分及抗疲劳药效差异,为黄芪药材商品等级的建立提供依据。本研究收集不同等级的黄芪药材,利用1H NMR代谢组学对不同等级黄芪初级代谢物的成分及其含量进行分析,同时采用HPLC-UV对5种黄酮类成分进行含量测定,并对不同等级黄芪的抗疲劳药效进行比较。动物实验过程均符合山西大学科学研究伦理审查委员会的相关规定。结果表明二等黄芪浸出物含量最低;浸出物1H NMR图谱共指认出21个化合物,特等黄芪浸出物有3种成分较高,末等黄芪浸出物含量较高的成分有7种,二等黄芪中有7种成分含量较高。二等黄芪总黄酮含量最高,其次是特等芪,末等芪总黄酮成分最低。药效学结果表明黄芪可以明显提升大鼠力竭游泳时间,改善血清和腓肠肌的生化指标,其中二等黄芪组效果最好,说明黄芪药材化学成分、抗疲劳药效与等级没有明显相关,抗疲劳药效可能与几种成分的共同作用有关。本研究将化学成分和药效指标相结合来评价不同等级黄芪药材质量,建立了基于化学和药效的黄芪药材质量评价技术,为保护优质黄芪药材资源以及黄芪药材商品规格等级标准的制定提供科学依据,为进一步构建黄芪药材质量等级标准奠定基础。

To provide a basis for the establishment of the commodity grade of Astragali Radix(AR),we compared the chemical components and the anti-fatigue effect of different grades of AR.The components of primary metabolites were analyzed by1 H NMR and the contents of five flavonoids were determined by HPLC-UV with different grades of AR.Fatigue efficacy of different grades of AR was compared.All the procedures were approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of the Shanxi University.The results showed that the content of water soluble extracts(WSE)of the GradeⅡAR was the lowest,and 21 compounds were identified through1 H NMR spectrum.There are 3 components showing a higher content in the Grade-top AR,and 7 components were higher in the Grade-Ⅳ,and 7 other components were higher in the Grade-ⅡAR.Total flavonoid content was the highest in Grade-Ⅱbut it was the lowest in the Grade-Ⅳ.Pharmacodynamic results showed that AR could significantly enhance the exhaustion time of rats and improve the biochemical indexes of serum and gastrocnemius muscle,and the best anti-fatigue effect was observed with Grade-ⅡAR.Therefore,chemical composition and efficacy index were used to evaluate the quality of different grades of AR,and the quality evaluation approach was established based on chemical and pharmacological effects to provide a scientific basis for the development of AR.The study may provide useful information for construction of the quality grade standard of AR.