广东优势群落甜槠林多样性研究

Research on biodiversity in dominant Guangdong-Castanopsis eyrei communities

采用每木调查法,对广东粤北石门台和粤中象头山地区甜槠( Castanopsis eyrie (Champ.) Tutch.)林样方内胸径≥ 1 cm的乔、灌木进行测量,记录其种名、胸径、高度和在样方中的坐标位置等指标,对群落的植物组成、区系成分、优势种及物种多样性进行分析。结果显示:石门台样地有维管植物112种,隶属36科54属;象头山样地有维管植物109种,隶属36科59属。两个群落均具有明显的热带向亚热带过渡的性质。其中,石门台样地与华东、华中地区联系紧密;象头山样地则与中国台湾、日本的岛屿联系更多。比较两个地区的群落特征发现,他们的相似性较高,物种多样性指数接近,纬度并不是决定群落植物多样性高低的因素,小环境、群落演替进程及人为因素对群落植物多样性的影响更大。

For trees with DBH ≥ 1 cm, we recorded species name, DBH , height, and location within Castanopsis eyrie (Champ.) Tutch. community plots in Shimentai Reserve in northern Guangdong and Xiangtoushan Reserve in central Guangdong. Plant composition, distribution pattern, dominant species, and species diversity of the communities were analyzed. Results showed that there were 112 species of vascular plants belonging to 36 families and 54 genera in the Shimentai plot, and 109 species of vascular plants belonging to 36 families and 59 genera in the Xiangtoushan plot. Both communities showed observable tropical to subtropical transition. The Shimentai plot was closely related to eastern and central China, whereas the Xiangtoushan plot had more connections to western Pacific islands, namely Taiwan and Japan. Comparative study of community characteristics in the two regions showed a high similarity at the community level and similar plant diversity indices. However, latitude was not the determining factor of plant diversity. Microenvironment, community succession processes, and human factors had greater influences on plant diversity of the local communities.