动物胆类中药化学成分研究概述

Intruction to Chemical Constituents of Animal Bile

熊胆具有极高的药用价值及经济价值,但其资源稀缺,寻找熊胆替代品已成为研究热点。考虑其来源性质,其可能替代品首要考虑动物胆类中药。论文综述了包含熊胆、牛胆、狗胆、猪胆、羊胆、兔胆、狐狸胆、貉胆、鸡胆和鹅胆等10种动物胆化学成分的研究现状,对比发现包括熊胆在内有8种动物胆中含有鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA),熊胆中含有的胆汁酸成分在其他动物胆中均可发现;10种动物胆中氨基酸多以结合型氨基酸的形式存在,主要是牛磺酸(Tau)或甘氨酸(Gly),种类差异较小;10种动物胆中微量元素种类接近,不同动物胆相同元素含量差异较大;有关动物胆中胆色素的报道主要集中在胆红素上,其他类别的胆色素研究很少。

Bear bile has extremely high medicinal value and economic value,but its resources are scarce.Searching for bear bile alternatives has become a research hotspot.Considering the nature of its source,its possible alternatives are primarily considered for animal bile Chinese medicine.This paper reviewed the research status of the biliary chemical constituents of 10 kinds of animal bile including bear,ox,dog,pig,sheep,rabbit,fox,racoon dog,chicken and goose.It is found that there are 8 kinds of animal bile including bear bile which has CDCA,and the bile acid contained in bear bile can be found in other animal bile.It was found that the amino acids in 10 animal bile were mainly in the form of bound amino acids,mainly Tau and Gly,and the species differences were small;The trace elements in 10 animal bile were similar,and the content of the same elements in different animals was different;The reports of bile pigments were mainly concentrated on bilirubin,and other types of biliary pigments are rarely studied.