传统文化践履型企业的多边交换行为研究

Research on the Generalized Exchange Behavior of Traditional Culture Practicing Enterprises

近年来,中国多个地区陆续出现了一批具有鲜明本土化特色的传统文化践履型企业,其领导者以"但行好事,莫问前程"之心自励,关爱全体员工物质和精神两方面的幸福,并以弘扬中华传统文化和为社会培养栋梁之材的强烈使命意识,在企业内部开展了卓有成效的管理实践活动。本文选取4家此类企业,运用扎根理论和案例研究方法,重点分析了"企业→员工""企业→社会"和"员工→企业"、"员工→社会"4种交换关系,提出了4个命题,构建了传统文化践履型企业从双边交换到多边交换的演化机制模型。本文的理论贡献在于探明了4种交换的内部维度,发现传统文化践履型企业中的"企业→员工"和"企业→社会"的交换行为是以利他为核心交换原则的。它不仅促进了"员工→企业"的交换依照协商、互惠原则向以利他为核心原则的演变,以及"员工→社会"的交换日渐体现出利他精神,也促进了"企业-员工-社会"两两之间从基于协商或互惠原则的双边交换向基于以利他为核心原则的多边交换的演化,从而明确了从双边交换到多边交换的演化机制和路径,丰富和发展了社会交换理论,为企业的持续成长提供了政策建议。

A number of companies practicing traditional culture with distinctive local characteristics have emerged in many regions of China in recent years.The founders or leaders of these companies who believe in faith of doing your best and God will take care of the rest show their concerns in both material and mental ways to employees.With a strong sense of mission to promote Chinese culture and cultivate the talents for the society,they carried out a series of distinctive management practices in the companies.This paper selects four typical companies as samples,and uses the grounded theory and case study methods to analyze the relationship among four social exchanges:enterprise to employees,enterprise to society,employees to enterprise,and employees to society.Four propositions were put forward to construct an evolutionary model of generalized exchange of companies practicing traditional culture.The theoretical contribution of this paper is to find out the internal dimensions of these four exchanges,and to discover that the exchange behaviors of"enterprise→employee"and"enterprise→social"are based on altruism principle.Not only does it promote the exchange principle of"employee→enterprise"evolving from negotiation and reciprocity to altruism,but also promote the evolution of"enterprise-employee-society"from bilateral exchange based on the principle of negotiation or reciprocity to multilateral exchange based on the principle of altruism.This paper clarifies the dynamic mechanism and evolution path from bilateral exchange to multilateral exchange,and enriches the theory of social exchange.Some strategic suggestions are also provided for firms’sustainable development in China.