大型水陆两栖飞机舱段入水冲击实验研究

An experimental study on water impact of large amphibious aircrafts

传统的水上飞机水载荷试验基本采用刚性缩比模型,不能计及弹性变形及缩尺比对载荷的影响。利用大型水陆两栖飞机舱段开展着水载荷试验研究,针对大型试验件开展了试验方案设计,开展不同重量状态和入水速度着水试验,分析加速度峰值的变化规律、压力的时历特性和分布特性,对比不同浸湿半宽下加速度的理论与试验值。结果表明,局部压力曲线出现了二次峰值现象;加速度峰值随着重量和入水速度的增大非线性增大;随着重量的增大,加速度峰值对应的浸湿半宽增大,速度对此影响较小;Von-Karman理论较Wagner理论更接近试验结果;着水速度越小,重力对结构入水过程影响越大。

The traditional seaplane water load test basically adopts the rigid ratio model,which does not take into account the influence of elastic deformation and scale ratio on load.A large amphibious aircraft cabin section was used to carry out a water load test and a test plan was designed for large test pieces.Different weight states and water-entry speeds were tested.Changes of acceleration peaks,the history and distribution of pressure characteristics were analyzed.The theoretical and experimental values of accelerations at different half widths of wetting were compared.The results show that the secondary peak phenomenon appears in the partial pressure curve;the acceleration peak increases nonlinearly with the weight and the water-entry velocity;as the weight increases,the half width of wetting corresponding to the acceleration peak increases,and the velocity influences it mildly;The Von-Karman theory is closer to the experimental result than the Wagner theory;the smaller the water-entry velocity,the greater the influence of gravity on the water entry of the structure.