潜望式激光通信端机记忆合金驱动解锁机构

Memory alloy drive unlocking mechanism for a periscopic laser communication terminal

针对潜望式激光通信端机伺服转动系统锁紧需求,提出了一种基于形状记忆合金(SMA)丝的解锁机构。保证在卫星发射过程中,激光通信端机稳定锁定。该机构利用弹簧分力实现锁紧,加热记忆合金丝输出回复应力驱动实现解锁;对解锁机构进行优化设计,利用杠杆原理实现了锁紧力与锁紧位移的优化;分析了解锁机构锁紧力与解锁力之间的平衡关系;实验测定分析解锁时间与供电电压电流的关系;研制了原理样机并进行了高温、振动冲击等航天环境地面试验。实验结果显示,该机构可提供1000N的锁紧力,在90℃以下均可保证稳定可靠锁紧,解锁时间可稳定到3s内。该机构的功能及稳定性满足星载激光通信端机发射需求。

In order to meet the locking requirements of a servo-rotation system for a periscopic laser communication terminal,this paper proposed an unlocking mechanism based on shape memory alloy(SMA)wire.The laser communication terminal was ensured stably locked during satellite launch.Firstly,the mechanism used the spring component to realize the locking,and the heating memory alloy wire output the return stress to drive to unlock;then,the unlocking mechanism was optimized,and the locking force and the locking displacement were optimized by the lever principle;The balance between the locking force and the unlocking force of the unlocking mechanism was analyzed.In addition,the relationship between the unlocking time and the supply voltage and current was analyzed experimentally.Finally,the prototype was developed and the ground test of the aerospace environment such as high temperature and vibration shock was carried out.The experimental results show that the mechanism can provide 1 000 N locking force,stable and reliable locking under 90°C,and the unlocking time can be stabilized within 3 s.The function and stability of the mechanism meet the launch requirements of spaceborne laser communication terminals.