明清医家治疗消渴病主要中药聚类分析

Cluster Analysis of Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Consumptive Thirst Disease in Ming and Qing Dynasty

目的探讨明清时期医家治疗消渴病的临床用药规律,通过聚类分析方法对该时期中医治疗消渴病选方用药特点加以分析。方法查阅明清时期医学著作并从中摘录治疗消渴病的方药,将所涉及到的单味药建立Excel2017用药数据库,运用频数分析法与聚类分析法对用药规律进行统计学分析。结果共筛选得到167首复方,共涉及药物148味,用药频率达1235次,其中用药频次50次以上的分别为麦冬、甘草、人参、茯苓、生地黄、知母。按照中药类别分析,用药总频次最多的是补虚药,其次为清热药、利水渗湿药。聚类分析结果显示养阴润燥、补气健脾、补肾固精、清热泻火,是临床治疗消渴病的常用配伍。结论明清时期医家治疗消渴病的中药以补虚、清热、利水渗湿为主,白虎汤类、地黄汤类、当归六黄汤、玉女煎等为治疗消渴病的主要方药。

Objective To explore the clinical drug use law of doctors in the Ming and Qing dynasties in the treatment of consumptive thirst disease, and to analyze the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of consumptive thirst disease in this period by cluster analysis.Methods Medical works of the Ming and Qing dynasties were consulted, then traditional Chinese medicine treatment of diabetes from those works was extracted, and the involved herbs into a database by Excel software was made.Frequency analysis and cluster analysis were applied to analyze the prescription law.Results There were 167 formulas selected involcing 148 herbs, with medication frequency of 1235, in which the medication frequency of Maidong, Gancao, Renshen, Fuling, Shengdihuang was more than 50 times.According to the herbal category, herbs for tonifying with the highest frequency followed by heat-clearing and clearing damp.Cluster analysis results showed that nourishing yin to moisten dryness, tonifying qi spleen, kidney and fixing sperm, heat-clearing and fire-purging were the commonest combination.Conclusion The treatment for diabetes in Ming and Qing dynasty mainly involves tonifying deficiency, clearing heat and clearing damp and promoting diuresis.The type of Baihu decoction and Dihuang decoction, Danggui Liuhuang decoction, Yunyu decoction compound were the mainly formulas of treatment of diabetes.