基于不同棱镜的微角度测量系统及影响因素分析

Micro-angle measurement systems based on different prisms and analysis of influencing factors

为了进一步改进微角度测量系统,研究系统的测量分辨率的影响因素,文中选用了半五角棱镜以及菱形棱镜替代原微角度测量系统中的直角棱镜。系统在保证光束可以沿原光路返回激光器腔内的前提下,通过旋转不同的棱镜进行微小角度的测量。在理论模拟过程中选择条纹计数法得出所测角度的大小,同时分析了不同尺寸的棱镜及不同波长的激光光源对于测角系统的光程差的影响,从而得出在合适的范围内通过选择波长较小的激光器作为光源,或更换较大尺寸的棱镜作为系统的关键光学元件,在相同的测角范围内可以获得更高的测角分辨率。文中提出的更换不同棱镜的微角度测量系统还可以为今后的基于不同光学元件的激光自混合测角技术奠定理论基础。

In order to further improve the micro-angle measurement system and research the influence factors of the measurement resolution,a half pentagonal prism and a rhomb prism to replace the right-angle prism in the original micro-angle measurement system were selected in the paper.The system obtained the measured values of the micro angle by rotating different prisms under the premise that the light could re-enter laser resonator along the original optical path.Theoretical simulation was carried out by selecting the fringe counting method to determine the measurement values.At the same time,the influence on the optical path difference was analyzed by replacing the prism with different side length and choosing laser as the light source with different wavelength.Thus more intensive fringes can be obtained,namely higher measurement resolution when choosing a laser with a small wavelength as the light source,or replacing a larger prism as the optical component within a proper range in the micro-angle measurement system.In addition,this micro-angle measurement system can lay a good theoretical foundation for the next self-mixing interference measurement technology based on different optical elements.