基于FLACS CFD的不同气油比油气混输管道泄漏火灾后果对比

Comparison of consequences caused by leakage fire of oil-gas mixed transmission pipeline with different gas-oil ratios based on FLACS CFD

不同气油比的油气混输管道泄漏后果危害形式和风险差异的准确判断对于管道泄漏应急处置至关重要。以中国西部某油田集输管道为研究对象,针对不同气油比管道泄漏的火灾危害进行了对比分析,构建了FLACS CFD模型,并研究了油气混输管道原油泄漏形成池火的火灾特征和影响范围,以及天然气泄漏形成喷射火的高温分布和影响规律。研究结果表明:应急处置应考虑不同气油比下池火与喷射火危害的差异。在油气混输管线泄漏10 min形成稳定火焰的场景中,气油比低于100 m^3 /t时,原油池火为火灾危险的主要影响因素;气油比高于200 m^3 /t时,天然气喷射火为主要影响因素;气油比超过250 m^3/t,高温覆盖距离不再明显增加;40 m为此场景下混输油气泄漏喷射火致死距离上限,120 m为温度影响上限。

The accurate judgment on the hazard forms and risk difference of leakage consequences for the oil-gas mixed transmission pipeline with different gas-oil ratios is crucial for the emergency disposal of pipeline leakage. Taking the gathering pipelines of a oilfield in western China as the research object, the comparative analysis on the fire hazard caused by the leakage of pipeline with different gas-oil ratios was carried out, and a FLACS CFD model was constructed to study the fire characteristics and influence range of pool fire caused by the leakage of crude oil from the oil-gas mixed transmission pipeline, as well as the high-temperature distribution and influence laws of the jet fire caused by the leakage of natural gas. The results showed that the difference of pool fire hazard and jet fire hazard under different gas-oil ratios should be considered in the emergency disposal. In the scenario where the oil-gas mixed transmission pipeline leaked for 10 minutes to form the stable flame, the pool fire of crude oil was the main influencing factor of fire hazard when the gas-oil ratio was below 100 m 3/t. When the gas-oil ratio was higher than 200 m 3/t, the jet fire of natural gas was the main influencing factor. When the gas-oil ratio exceeded 250 m 3/t, the high-temperature coverage distance no longer increased significantly. In this scenario, the upper limit of lethal distance by the jet fire of mixed transmission oil and gas leakage was 40 m, and 120 m was the upper limit of temperature influence.