辽宁新宾云母玉的宝石矿物学特征

Gemmological and Mineralogical Characteristic of Muscovite Jade from Xinbin, Liaoning Province

最近,辽宁抚顺新宾发现了一种玉石矿。在常规检测的基础上,利用薄片观察、傅里叶转换红外光谱仪、X射线粉末衍射仪、X射线荧光光谱仪及紫外-可见光纤光谱仪等测试技术,对其宝石学特征、矿物组成、显微结构及谱学特征进行了系统分析。结果表明,新宾云母玉的主要矿物组成为白云母(弱水化绢云母),次要矿物有电气石、黑云母、石英等。新宾云母玉具致密块状构造,片状变晶结构、鳞片状变晶结构、隐晶质变晶结构及交代结构;其矿化分为两个阶段:早期形成粗大的白云母,晚期形成鳞片状及隐晶质白云母,并部分交代早期白云母。新宾云母玉中红格矿物为褐铁矿系表生淋滤作用形成,紫外-可见吸收光谱中具448、463及482nm处的吸收峰,由Fe^3+所致。按照国家标准《珠宝玉石名称》(GB/T16552-2017),该玉石可定名为云母玉。

Recently, a new jade has been found in Xinbin, Fushun, Liaoning Province, China. By routine gemmological testing, microscope observation, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and UV-Visible fluorescence spectrophotometer, etc, the gemmological characteristics, mineral components, microstructure and spectral characteristics of the muscovite jade samples were investigated. The results showed that the main minerals of the muscovite jade samples are muscovite (weakly hydrated sericite), with minor constituents of tourmaline, biotite, magnetite, etc. Microscope observation results showed that the muscovite jade has massive structure, foliated texture, the flake microstructure, fiber microstructure and metasomatic structure. It is pointed out that the mineralization of muscovite jade is divided into two stages: The early formation of coarse muscovite;The late formation of scaly and fiber muscovite partly accounting for the early muscovite. The red lattice minerals in the muscovite jade sample are limonite, which are formed by the effect of epigenetic leaching. The UV-Visible absorption peaks at 448, 463 and 482 nm, were caused by Fe^3+.According to the national standard GB /T 16552-2017 Gemstone Nomenclature, the tested samples can be named as muscovite jade. The muscovite jade is mainly lardite, rich in colour, delicate in quality, compact in structure and promising in future.