区域网络、制造业集群策略与政策干预

Regional Network,Manufacturing Cluster Strategy and Policy Intervention

文献研究指出,区域网络对企业创新有积极的影响,而网络与集群资源的互嵌性为区域决策者提供了增强创新和区域经济绩效的机会。区域政策应侧重于发展内生因素增长的措施,揭示集群发展的差异,从而把握这些因素的运行机理。本文主要探讨了区域网络与集群策略对区域政策实施带来的创新机遇与挑战,并以广州、东莞、佛山、肇庆等市15个制造业集群为例进行分析,行业涉及皮具、五金、电子器件等。研究结论表明:其一,区域决策者面临的挑战是根据对网络行为和需求的分析,替代或补充传统的企业行为,针对特定子群的网络行为及其创新能力,政府应进行更有针对性的政策干预;其二,政策干预应从认真识别创新能力和企业网络偏好开始,应重点针对"追随者"企业子群体加强指导与支持;其三,不论集群策略是否适当,对任何一个特定的区域,其选择总是需要事先考虑所需的政府机构的治理能力,以应付它所造成的治理挑战。

Researches have pointed out that the regional network has a positive influence on enterprise innovation,and the interconnection between network and cluster resources provides regional decision makers with the opportunity to enhance innovation and regional economic performance. Regional policies should focus on measures to develop endogenous factors,reveal the differences in cluster development,and thus grasp the operating mechanism of these factors. Taking 15 manufacturing clusters in Guangzhou,Dongguan, Foshan and Zhaoqing as examples, involving industries like leather goods, hardware,electronic devices and so on, this paper mainly discusses the innovation opportunities and challenges brought by regional network and cluster strategy to the implementation of regional policies. Conclusions show that: firstly,the challenge for regional decision makers is to replace or supplement the traditional enterprise behavior based on the analysis of network behavior and demand,and the government should carry out more targeted policy intervention;secondly, policy intervention should start with careful identification of innovation ability and enterprise network preference, and should focus on strengthening guidance and support for"follower"enterprise sub-groups;thirdly,whether or not the cluster strategy is appropriate,the choice of any particular region always requires prior consideration of the government’s governance capacity to cope with the governance challenges it poses.