甲状腺结节的超声诊断与应用的研究

Ultrasound Diagnosis and Application of Thyroid Nodules

目的对甲状腺结节的超声诊断方法和效果进行分析和研究。方法选择我院在2017年6月-2018年6月期间收治的100例经过病理确诊的甲状腺结节患者作为研究对象,采用超声对本次研究中的患者进行检查,对病理诊断结果和超声诊断结果进行分析和比较。结果所有患者的术后病理诊断结果显示,其中有185个良性结节,38个恶性结节;超声诊断结果显示,其中有191个良性结节,诊断正确率为90.8%,32个恶性结节,诊断正确率为39.5%,综合正确率为82.1%。囊性结节在超声中的主要特征是类圆形无回声区,具有相对比较清晰的边界;实性结节的主要表现为14个低回声,13个强回声,24个等回声;囊实混合型结节的主要超声特征为囊实混杂回声,其中包括强回声、低回声、等回声和没有回声等。结节性甲状腺肿的超声图像特征:具有位置不对称的特点,而且大小程度差异较大,具有不均匀地性状,184个结节没有包膜,内部表现为不均匀混合性的回声;恶性甲状腺结节的超声图像特征:具有较硬的质地、不清晰和不规则的边界,其中有35个恶性结节具有不完整的包膜,内部回声不均匀,而且具有一定程度的复合多变性。结论采用超声对甲状腺结节进行诊断,能够对结节进行有效鉴别,具有较高诊断符合率,能够帮助临床医师准确的判断病情,具有的临床重要意义。

Objective To analyze and study the ultrasonic diagnosis methods and effects of thyroid nodules. Methods 100 patients with pathologically confirmed thyroid nodules admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to June2018 were selected as subjects. Ultrasound was used to examine patients in this study. Pathological diagnosis and ultrasound diagnosis were performed. The results were analyzed and compared. Results The postoperative pathological diagnosis of all patients showed that there were 185 benign nodules and 38 malignant nodules. Ultrasound diagnosis showed that there were 191 benign nodules with a diagnostic accuracy of 90.8% and 32 malignant nodules. The diagnostic accuracy rate was 39.5%, and the overall correct rate was 82.1%.The main features of cystic nodules in ultrasound were rounded echo-free areas with relatively clear boundaries;solid nodules were mainly characterized by14 hypoechoic, 13 strong echoes, 24 echoes;The main ultrasound features of mixed nodule nodules were cystic mixed echoes, including strong echo,hypoechoic, iso-echo and no echo. Ultrasound image features of nodular goiter:characterized by positional asymmetry, and the degree of difference was large,with uneven traits, 184 nodules without envelope, internal manifestations of uneven mixed echo;malignant thyroid Ultrasound image features of nodules:did having a hard texture, unclear and irregular boundaries, of which 35 malignant nodules had incomplete envelopes, internal echoes were uneven, and had a degree of complex variability. Conclusion Ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules can effectively identify nodules, and has a high diagnostic coincidence rate, which can help clinicians accurately determine the condition and has clinical significance.