反思与证立:强人工智能法律主体性审视

Reflection and Testimony: Research on Strong AI’s Legal Subjective Status

人工智能的发展带来了一系列法律问题,人工智能体是否具有法律主体地位,学界研究主要可归为工具主义、供求主义、历史社会学式三种类型,且未跳出当前弱人工智能的背景。通过对当下诸多对人工智能主体地位质疑观点的反思,将目光集中在具备自我意识及意志要素的强人工智能时代,强人工智能法律人格化并无理论与事实上的阻滞。事实上,人工智能主体地位从法律主体本质及人工智能本体的层面审视,均有其确立的空间,只是因人工智能主体性和自然人主体性存在差异,需要法律对应做出特殊安排。

The development of artificial intelligence(AI)brings a series of legal issues.For whether an AI has the status of a legal subject,academic research can be mainly classified into three types:instrumentalism,supply and demand,and historical sociology,and it has not jumped out of the background of current weak artificial intelligence.Through the reflection of many current doubts about the status of artificial intelligence subjects,the focus is on the era of strong artificial intelligence with self-awareness and will elements.There is no theoretical or factual blockage of strong AI’s legal personification.In fact,the subject status of AI can be examined from the essence of the legal subject and the level of the artificial intelligence ontology.Because of the different subjective nature between AI and natural persons,special arrangements are needed for the legal system.