骨科护士心理资本与职业认同的现状及相关性分析

Current situation and correlation analysis of psychological capital and occupational identity among orthopedic nurses

目的调查骨科护士的心理资本与职业认同的现状及影响因素,并分析两者之间的相关性。方法于2018年7—8月,运用便利抽样法抽取天津市某三级甲等综合医院的245名骨科护士,采用自行设计的一般资料问卷,中文版护士心理资本问卷和中文修订版护士职业认同量表进行问卷调查。结果心理资本总分为100.22±14.85,其中,自我效能得分为25.60±4.47,希望得分为25.67±4.84,韧性得分为24.49±4.47,乐观得分为24.47±3.87;职业认同总分为30.52±8.13;不同年龄、最高学历、职称、临床工作时间及是否自愿选择护理专业的骨科护士心理资本总分差异有统计学意义(F=2.036、2.606、2.340、2.240、2.278,均P<0.01);骨科护士心理资本水平与其职业认同感呈正相关(r=0.403);多元线性逐步回归分析显示,希望和乐观是影响骨科护士心理资本的主要因素,共能解释15.8%的变异量。结论骨科护士的心理资本与其职业认同感处于中等水平,且两者密切相关,护理管理者应该根据骨科护士的不同特征开发其积极心理资本,从而提升其职业认同感。

[Objective]To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of psychological capital and occupational identity of orthopedic nurses,and analyze the correlation between them.[Methods]A total of 245 orthopedic nurses from a third-grade gen eral hospital in Tianjin were selected by convenient sampling method from July to August 2018. The questionnaire survey was conducted by the self-de signed general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the nurses’ psychological capital questionnaire and the Chinese revised nurse’s occupational identity scale.[Results] The total score of psychological capital was 100. 22 ±14.85,among self-efficacy was 25.60 ±4.47,hope was 25.67 ±4.84,resilience was 24.49 ±4.47,and optimism was 24.47±3.87. The total score of professional identity was 30.52 ±8.13. The differences of total scores of psychological capital among orthopedic nurses with different age,highest educational level,professional title,clinical working hours and whether voluntary choice of nursing major were statistically significant(F=2.036,2.606,2.340,2.240,2.278,all P<0.01). The psychological capital level of orthopedic nurses was positively correlated with their professional identity(r=0.403). Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed that hope and optimism were the main factors affecting the psychological capital of orthopedic nurses,which could explain 15.8%variance.[Conclusion]The psychological capital and professional identity levels of orthopedic nurses are at a medium level,and they are closely related. Nursing managers should develop their positive psychological capital according to the different characteristics of orthopedic nurses,thus enhancing their professional identity.