以自我管理为主的家庭肺康复对农村地区COPD患者生活质量与运动能力的影响

Effects of self-managed,home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on quality of life and motor ability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural areas

目的探讨以患者自我管理为主的家庭肺康复对农村地区COPD患者生活质量和运动能力的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选取2016年10月—2017年11月湖北省两家地县级医院的住院部及门诊部确诊的农村COPD患者92例,按照随机数字表法将其分成试验组和对照组,各46例。对照组接受常规诊治与护理,试验组在此基础上给予为期13周的以自我管理为主的家庭肺康复干预。干预前后,采用圣乔治医院呼吸问题调查问卷(SGRQ)和6 min步行距离测试(6MWT)分别对患者的生活质量和运动能力进行评估和比较。结果共74例COPD患者完成了研究,试验组38例,对照组36例。干预前两组患者的一般资料、SGRQ得分以及6MWT差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后试验组患者SGRQ得分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后试验组患者6MWT高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以自我管理为主的家庭肺康复干预能够有效改善农村地区COPD患者的生活质量和运动能力。

Objective To explore the effects of self-managed,home-based pulmonary rehabilitation on quality of life and motor ability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in rural areas.Methods Totally 92 patients from rural areas diagnosed with COPD in inpatient or outpatient department of two county-level hospitals in Hubei province from October 2016 to November 2017 were selected using convenient sampling and divided into the experimental group(n=46)and the control group(n=46)according to the random number table.Patients in the control group received conventional diagnosis,treatment and nursing care,while patients in the experimental group received self-managed,home-based pulmonary rehabilitation for 13 weeks besides the conventional intervention.St.George's Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ)and Six Minutes Walking Test(6MWT)were used to evaluate and compare the quality and life and motor ability of the two groups before and after intervention.Results A total of 74 COPD patients completed the study with 38 in the treatment group and 36 in the control group.There was no statistically significant difference in general information,SGRQ scores or 6 MWT between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05);the SGRQ score of the treatment group was lower than that of the control group after intervention with statistical significance(P<0.05).The 6 MWT of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group after intervention(P<0.05).Conclusions Self-managed,home-based pulmonary rehabilitation can improve the quality of life and motor ability of COPD patients in rural areas.