盾构推进载荷模拟的多维加载机制与试验研究

Multi-DOF Loading Principle to Simulate Thrust Loads for Shield Machines with Experimental Study

盾构机是一种用于地下隧道施工的大型设备,其装备复杂,经济价值很高。由于地下施工的环境恶劣,盾构掘进的现场研究工作较难开展,因此利用盾构推进模拟试验台在实验室条件下进行研究,是一种经济、安全的替代方法。盾构掘进过程中的受力十分复杂,为研究盾构掘进中的力学问题,对盾构模拟试验台提出了模拟掘进中的环境载荷的要求。针对盾构掘进中的环境载荷的特点,提出基于并联绳牵引的多维载荷加载机制;对模拟试验台的载荷模拟能力进行分析;设计模拟加载的试验方法,并进行盾构掘进载荷的模拟试验。理论分析和试验研究结果表明,该盾构载荷模拟装置能够通过调节作用在试验台盾构刀盘上的分布载荷的大小,形成等效的推力、俯仰矩、横摆矩和转矩,能够实现环境载荷的模拟。

The shield machine is a kind of heavy equipment used in underground construction.It is very complicated and has high economic value.Because of the terrible construction environment,it is very difficult to do research of the shield machine excavation in the field.As to that,it is economical and secure to do these research under laboratory condition via a shield machine thrust simulator test rig.The shield machine suffers a complex load,that the simulator test rig is required to simulate the environment loads occurring in the excavating process,to study the mechanical problems.According to the characters of environment loads,we propose a multi-dimension loading mechanism based on the parallel cable-driven principle and do the analysis of the loading simulating ability as well as carry out the loading simulation experiments by utilizing the test rig.The theory and experiments researches discover that the loading simulator test rig can form equivalent thrust force,yawing torque,pitching torque and rolling torque by adjusting the distributing forces on the cutting head and it is feasible to simulate the environment loads.