基于岗位胜任力的培训模式在新护士培训中应用效果的Meta分析

Effects of competency-based training model in training for new nurses:a meta-analysis

目的评价基于岗位胜任力的培训模式在新护士培训中的应用效果。方法计算机检索PubMed、EMBASE、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、中国科技期刊数据库、万方和维普数据库中有关基于岗位胜任力培训模式应用于新护士培训的随机对照及类实验研究。经筛选文献,提取资料与评价文献质量后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入6篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,基于岗位胜任力的培训模式能提高新护士的知识综合能力[MD=4.91,95%CI(3.84~5.99),P<0.001]、良好的个人特质[MD=0.28,95%CI(0.22~0.35),P<0.001]、人际沟通能力[MD=2.31,95%CI(0.84~3.78),P=0.002]、临床护理能力[MD=0.33,95%CI(0.08~0.58),P=0.040]、专业建设与发展能力[MD=0.23,95%CI(0.19~0.27),P<0.001]、批判性思维与创新能力[MD=1.37,95%CI(0.17~2.57),P=0.020]。结论基于岗位胜任力的培训模式可有效提高新护士的知识综合能力、良好的个人特质、人际沟通能力、临床护理能力、专业建设与发展能力、批判性思维与创新能力,提高新护士岗位胜任力。由于涉及本研究评价指标的纳入研究数量较少且部分评价指标间存在异质性,故未来仍需多中心、高质量、大样本的研究进一步评价基于岗位胜任力的培训模式在护理人员培训中的应用效果。

Objective To evaluate the effects of competency-based training model in training for new nurses.Methods Randomized controlled trials and quasi experiments on application of competency-based training model in training for new nurses were retrieved in PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Scientific Journal Database,Wanfang Data and VIP by computer.Meta-analysis was carried out with the RevMan 5.3 after literature screening,data extraction and quality assessment of literature.Results A total of 6 literatures were included.Meta-analysis showed that competency-based training model could improve the knowledge comprehensive capacity[MD=4.91,95%CI(3.84,5.99),P<0.001],good personal qualities[MD=0.28,95%CI(0.22,0.35),P<0.001],interpersonal communication skills[MD=2.31,95%CI(0.84,3.78),P=0.002],clinical nursing ability[MD=0.33,95%CI(0.08,0.58),P=0.040],construction and development ability of specialty[MD=0.23,95%CI(0.19,0.27),P<0.001],critical thinking and innovation ability[MD=1.37,95%CI(0.17,2.57),P=0.020].Conclusions Competency-based training model in training can effectively improve new nurses'knowledge comprehensive capacity,good personal qualities,interpersonal communication skills,clinical nursing ability,construction and development ability of specialty,critical thinking and innovation ability,and improve their competency.The multicenter,high quality and large-sample study on effects of competency-based training model in training for nurses should be carried out since number of the included literatures involving evaluation indexes of this study was few and heterogeneity occurred in some evaluation indexes.